Test & Measurement


PAM-4 analysis software for real-time scopes

1 July 2015 Test & Measurement

Keysight Technologies introduced measurement software designed to help engineers quickly and accurately characterise PAM-4 (pulse amplitude modulation with four amplitude levels) signals using the Keysight V-Series, Z-Series and S-Series real-time oscilloscope platforms.

Mobile computing applications are demanding more of the underlying computer Internet infrastructure. To enable increases in Internet and server farm performance, higher-speed connectivity among server systems is required. Conventional communication techniques often relied upon NRZ (non-return-to-zero) encoding.

Industry experts contend NRZ will not work in a 56 Gbps environment. One way to overcome this challenge is to change the modulation technique from NRZ to pulse amplitude modulation. This allows engineers to dramatically increase the amount of data they can send across high-speed digital communication links.

Several industry standards bodies are actively promoting PAM-4 technology to enable the next-generation speed class and push higher data rates for a given channel compared to traditional NRZ signalling. While PAM-4 technology leverages some traditional NRZ measurement algorithms for PAM-4 signals, to fully analyse system performance, unique PAM-4 measurements and parameters are required.

The N8827A (for the V- and Z-Series) and N8827B (for the S-Series) PAM-4 analysis software offers measurements such as eye width, eye height and eye skew; level amplitude, level noise and level skew; and amplitude level linearity. Engineers can combine the N8827A/B option with existing Infiniium real-time oscilloscope software tools to provide even more powerful analysis capability.



Credit(s)



Share this article:
Share via emailShare via LinkedInPrint this page

Further reading:

Single channel, programmable PSU
Electrocomp Express Test & Measurement
Rohde & Schwarz’ NGC101 is a NGC100-series power supply with a wide range of functions that make them ideal for use in development labs and industrial environments.

Read more...
Next-gen LineScan camera
Eagle Africa Technology Test & Measurement
New Imaging Technologies has launched the new LiSaSWIR, its next-generation SWIR LineScan camera and sensor.

Read more...
Ultra-portable spectrum analyser
Vepac Electronics Test & Measurement
The PXN-400Z from Harogic is a handheld spectrum analyser covering a frequency range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz with a 100 MHz analysis bandwidth.

Read more...
Why your next oscilloscope should be PC-based
Comtest Test & Measurement
For decades, traditional benchtop oscilloscopes have been a cornerstone of engineering, offering reliability, precision, and familiarity. However, as technology evolves, so do the tools we rely on.

Read more...
Versatile 3-in-1 instrument
Vepac Electronics Test & Measurement
The ARB Rider AWG-2000 is the cost-effective and powerful two or four channel arbitrary function generator and two or four channel arbitrary waveform generator with advanced sequencer functionality.

Read more...
Analyser and voltmeter capability added to portable instruments
Tamashi Technology Investments Test & Measurement
Anritsu Company had added Vector Network Analyzer and Vector Voltmeter measurements to their industry standard Site Master instruments.

Read more...
Marktech’s latest LEDs and photodiodes
NuVision Electronics Test & Measurement
Designed for precision sensing and emission tasks, Marktech’s optoelectronic lineup serves medical, industrial, aerospace, and environmental markets.

Read more...
MEMS air quality sensor
Future Electronics Test & Measurement
Bosch Sensortec’s BME690 is the latest-generation gas sensor that combines advanced monitoring capabilities with innovative artificial intelligence functionality.

Read more...
Telemetry retrofit for sustainable resource management
CST Electronics Test & Measurement
AquaMeter is a cost-effective secure telemetry retrofit that can easily be added to hundreds of millions of legacy mechanical water meters.

Read more...
True-RMS clamp meter measures 2500 A
Comtest Test & Measurement
The Fluke 376 FC True-RMS Clamp Meter with iFlex is the most advanced troubleshooting tool for industrial and commercial electricians.

Read more...









While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained herein, the publisher and its agents cannot be held responsible for any errors contained, or any loss incurred as a result. Articles published do not necessarily reflect the views of the publishers. The editor reserves the right to alter or cut copy. Articles submitted are deemed to have been cleared for publication. Advertisements and company contact details are published as provided by the advertiser. Technews Publishing (Pty) Ltd cannot be held responsible for the accuracy or veracity of supplied material.




© Technews Publishing (Pty) Ltd | All Rights Reserved